Diamond Abrasive Tooth Extraction Set: A Minimally Invasive Tool for Complex Dental Extraction

In oral surgery, tooth extraction is a common clinical procedure, especially for impacted teeth, broken roots, and severely decayed teeth that cannot be preserved. Traditional extraction tools such as elevators and forceps often face challenges such as difficulty in accessing the surgical site, large tissue trauma, and high risk of root fracture in complex cases. The diamond abrasive tooth extraction set, as a new type of minimally invasive dental instrument, relies on the high hardness and wear resistance of diamond abrasive materials to achieve precise grinding, splitting and extraction of teeth, which has significantly improved the safety, efficiency and patient comfort of complex tooth extraction. This article will comprehensively explore the related content of the diamond abrasive tooth extraction set.

I. Core Definition and Composition of Diamond Abrasive Tooth Extraction Set

The diamond abrasive tooth extraction set is a set of specialized dental instruments designed for minimally invasive tooth extraction, which mainly consists of diamond abrasive burs of different specifications, a matching high-speed dental handpiece, a cooling system, and auxiliary disinfection and storage accessories. Its core component is the diamond abrasive bur, which uses synthetic diamond as the abrasive material, firmly bonded to the metal matrix through electroplating or sintering technology, forming a high-hardness, wear-resistant grinding surface that can effectively grind tooth enamel, dentin and cementum.

1. Core Components and Functions

Diamond Abrasive Burs: The core working part, with various types such as cylindrical, conical, spherical and fissure types, to adapt to different extraction scenarios. For example, conical burs are suitable for splitting impacted teeth, cylindrical burs for grinding tooth crowns, and spherical burs for trimming broken roots. The abrasive particle size is usually 80-120 mesh, which balances grinding efficiency and surface smoothness.

Matching High-Speed Handpiece: Generally adopts a high-speed air turbine handpiece with a rotational speed of 300,000-450,000 rpm, which can drive the diamond bur to rotate at high speed to realize efficient grinding. It has the characteristics of stable operation, low vibration and easy operation, and is compatible with the standard four-hole interface of dental comprehensive treatment tables.

Cooling and Spraying System: It is composed of a water supply pipeline and a nozzle, which sprays sterile water or normal saline to the grinding area in real time during operation. The cooling volume is controlled at 40-60ml/min, which can effectively reduce the heat generated by grinding, avoid thermal damage to the alveolar bone and surrounding soft tissues, and wash away grinding debris to ensure the clarity of the surgical field.

Auxiliary Accessories: Including disinfection boxes, bur holders, cleaning brushes, etc., which are used for the storage, disinfection and maintenance of the set, ensuring the sterility of the instruments and extending their service life.

II. Working Principle and Application Scenarios

The working principle of the diamond abrasive tooth extraction set is based on the high hardness of diamond (Mohs hardness 10, the highest among natural materials). The high-speed rotating diamond bur grinds and cuts the tooth tissue, splits the tooth into small pieces that are easy to extract, or trims the broken roots and impacted tooth crowns to create a favorable extraction path, thereby reducing the traction and extrusion on the alveolar bone and surrounding soft tissues, and achieving minimally invasive extraction.

1. Key Application Scenarios

Extraction of Impacted Teeth: Especially for mandibular third molar impaction (wisdom tooth impaction), which is often surrounded by alveolar bone and soft tissues, making it difficult to extract. The diamond bur can grind the alveolar bone around the impacted tooth to expose the tooth body, or split the tooth crown into 2-3 parts, which are extracted separately, avoiding the risk of alveolar bone fracture caused by forced traction.

Removal of Broken Roots: When the tooth root is broken in the alveolar socket during traditional extraction, the diamond bur can trim the broken root stump, grind the surrounding alveolar bone slightly, and then use the elevator to lift the broken root out, which is especially suitable for broken roots with a residual length of less than 3mm.

Extraction of Severely Decayed Teeth: For teeth with severe caries, the crown is mostly damaged and fragile, and it is easy to break when using forceps. The diamond bur can grind and remove the decayed tissue first, retain the relatively intact tooth root part, and then extract it with appropriate force, reducing the damage to the alveolar socket.

Minimally Invasive Extraction for Special Groups: For children, the elderly, and patients with poor alveolar bone quality, the minimally invasive extraction method using diamond abrasive sets can reduce surgical trauma, shorten recovery time, and reduce postoperative complications such as swelling and pain.

III. Advantages Compared with Traditional Extraction Tools

Compared with traditional tooth extraction tools such as metal elevators and forceps, the diamond abrasive tooth extraction set has obvious advantages in complex extraction cases, mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. Minimally Invasive and Less Trauma

Traditional extraction often relies on lever force and traction force, which is easy to cause excessive stretching of the surrounding soft tissues and damage to the alveolar bone. The diamond abrasive set achieves extraction through grinding and splitting, which has small damage to the alveolar bone and soft tissues, less postoperative swelling, pain and ecchymosis, and faster wound healing. Clinical data shows that the postoperative swelling degree of patients using diamond abrasive sets is reduced by 30%-40% compared with traditional methods.

2. High Safety and Low Risk of Complications

The high precision of diamond grinding can effectively avoid complications such as root fracture, alveolar bone fracture, and damage to adjacent teeth and nerves. Especially in the extraction of impacted teeth near the inferior alveolar nerve, the gentle grinding method can avoid direct pressure on the nerve, reducing the risk of postoperative numbness of the lower lip.

3. Strong Adaptability and Wide Application Range

With various types of diamond burs, it can adapt to different types of tooth extraction cases, including impacted teeth, broken roots, decayed teeth, etc. It can also be used in the preparation of alveolar sockets before dental implants, grinding and trimming the alveolar bone to meet the requirements of implant placement, realizing the multi-purpose of one set of instruments.

4. Improved Patient Comfort

The high-speed handpiece matched with the set has low vibration and low noise during operation, which is less irritating to patients. At the same time, the minimally invasive operation reduces postoperative pain, shortens the recovery period, and improves patients' acceptance and satisfaction with tooth extraction surgery.

IV. Usage Notes and Maintenance

The diamond abrasive tooth extraction set is a high-precision instrument. Correct use and maintenance are crucial to ensure its performance and service life, and to ensure surgical safety.

1. Usage Notes

Selection of Burs: According to the specific extraction case, select the appropriate type and specification of diamond burs. For example, when splitting teeth, conical or fissure burs should be selected; when grinding alveolar bone, cylindrical burs are preferred. Do not use worn or deformed burs to avoid affecting grinding efficiency and causing tissue damage.

Control of Grinding Parameters: During operation, the rotational speed of the handpiece should be controlled at 300,000-400,000 rpm, and the grinding force should be moderate to avoid excessive force leading to bur breakage or excessive heat generation. The cooling system must be turned on before grinding to ensure continuous cooling of the grinding area.

Sterility Requirements: Before use, the entire set of instruments must be subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure steam sterilization (134°C, 0.2MPa, 18 minutes) to avoid cross-infection. The sterile state of the instruments should be maintained during the operation.

Operator Training: The operator must receive professional training, be familiar with the structure and working principle of the instrument, and master the grinding skills and surgical procedures to avoid misoperation causing medical accidents.

2. Maintenance and Preservation

Cleaning After Use: Immediately after the operation, use a cleaning brush to remove the grinding debris on the surface of the bur, rinse it with distilled water, and then put it into the disinfection box for subsequent sterilization. Do not use hard objects to scrape the abrasive surface of the bur to avoid damaging the diamond particles.

Regular Inspection: Regularly check the bonding state of the diamond abrasive layer of the bur. If there is peeling, falling off or serious wear, the bur should be replaced in time. Check the operation of the high-speed handpiece, including rotation stability, air tightness and cooling water flow, and maintain it according to the manufacturer's requirements.

Proper Storage: After sterilization, the instruments should be stored in a dry, clean and dust-free sterile cabinet. The burs should be placed in a special bur holder to avoid collision and damage between them.

V. Industry Development Status and Trends

With the continuous development of minimally invasive oral surgery, the demand for diamond abrasive tooth extraction sets is increasing year by year. At present, the mainstream products in the market are mainly produced by international brands such as NSK, KAVO and Dentsply Sirona, which have the advantages of high abrasive bonding strength and stable product performance. In recent years, domestic brands such as Beijing Dongbo, Shanghai Dental and Medical Equipment have also accelerated the research and development and production of diamond abrasive extraction sets, gradually realizing localization, and the product quality has been continuously improved, with a more competitive price advantage.

In the future, the diamond abrasive tooth extraction set will develop in the direction of higher precision, intelligence and specialization. On the one hand, the improvement of diamond abrasive technology, such as the application of nano-diamond abrasives, will further improve the grinding efficiency and wear resistance of the bur; on the other hand, the integration of intelligent technologies, such as adding pressure sensors and speed feedback systems to the handpiece, can realize real-time monitoring of the grinding process, avoiding excessive grinding and improving surgical safety. In addition, targeted products for special cases, such as dedicated sets for pediatric tooth extraction and implant-assisted extraction, will also become an important development direction, providing more personalized solutions for clinical practice.

VI. Conclusion

The diamond abrasive tooth extraction set, as a representative of minimally invasive oral surgical instruments, has changed the traditional extraction mode, effectively solving the difficulties and risks in complex tooth extraction. With its advantages of minimally invasive, high safety, strong adaptability and good patient comfort, it has been widely recognized and applied in clinical practice. With the continuous progress of technology and the improvement of product quality, the diamond abrasive tooth extraction set will play a more important role in oral surgery, contributing to the development of minimally invasive oral medicine and the improvement of patients' oral health level. For clinical dentists, mastering the use of diamond abrasive extraction sets and standardized operation and maintenance are important ways to improve surgical level and ensure medical safety.